Modalni glagoli – can, could, may, might..

Modalni glagoli su pomoćni glagoli koji izražavaju mogućnost, sposobnost, dozvolu, verovatnoću. Ne menjaju se po licima i iza njih ide osnovni oblik glagola (bez “to”).

Primer:

• She can swim.
• He might come.

CAN

1. Sposobnost (ability)

• I can speak English.
• She can code in JavaScript.

2. Dozvola (permission) – neformalno

• You can go now.
• Can I open the window?

3. Mogućnost (opšta)

• It can be dangerous.

Negacija:

• cannot / can’t
• She can’t drive.

Pitanje:

• Can you help me?

COULD

1. Prošla sposobnost

• I could read when I was five.
• She could run very fast.

2. Ljubazniji zahtev

• Could you help me?
• Could I ask you something?

3. Mogućnost (manje sigurna)

• It could rain.
• This could be a mistake.

Negacija:

• couldn’t
• I couldn’t find my keys.

MAY

1. Dozvola (formalnije)

• May I come in?
• You may leave now.

2. Mogućnost (neutralna)

• She may come later.
• It may snow tomorrow.

Negacija:

• may not
• She may not agree.

MIGHT

1. Slabija mogućnost

• It might rain.
• He might call you.

Razlika:

• It may rain. (realna mogućnost)
• It might rain. (manja verovatnoća)

Negacija:

• might not
• She might not understand.

Poređenje verovatnoće

Od sigurnijeg ka manje sigurnom:

can (opšta mogućnost)
may (verovatno)
might (manje verovatno)
could (takođe nesigurna mogućnost)

Važna gramatička pravila

1. Nema “to”:
   • Ne: She can to swim
   • Da: She can swim
2. Nema nastavka -s:
   • Ne: He cans
   • Da: He can
3. Nema pomoćnog “do”:
   • Ne: Do you can?
   • Da: Can you?